§ 5196 . Detailed functions of administration
§ 5196a . Mutual aid pacts between States and neighboring countries
§ 5196b . Contributions for personnel and administrative expenses
§ 5196c . Grants for construction of emergency operations centers
§ 5196d . Use of funds to prepare for and respond to hazards
§ 5196. Detailed functions of administration
(a) In general
In order to carry out the policy described in section 5195 of this title, the Administrator shall have the authorities provided in this section.
(b) Federal emergency response plans and programs
The Administrator may prepare Federal response plans and programs for the emergency preparedness of the United States and sponsor and direct such plans and programs. To prepare such plans and programs and coordinate such plans and programs with State efforts, the Administrator may request such reports on State plans and operations for emergency preparedness as may be necessary to keep the President, Congress, and the States advised of the status of emergency preparedness in the United States.
(c) Delegation of emergency preparedness responsibilities
With the approval of the President, the Administrator may delegate to other departments and agencies of the Federal Government appropriate emergency preparedness responsibilities and review and coordinate the emergency preparedness activities of the departments and agencies with each other and with the activities of the States and neighboring countries.
(d) Communications and warnings
The Administrator may make appropriate provision for necessary emergency preparedness communications and for dissemination of warnings to the civilian population of a hazard.
(e) Emergency preparedness measures
The Administrator may study and develop emergency preparedness measures designed to afford adequate protection of life and property, including--
(1) research and studies as to the best methods of treating the effects of hazards;
(2) developing shelter designs and materials for protective covering or construction;
(3) developing equipment or facilities and effecting the standardization thereof to meet emergency preparedness requirements; and
(4) plans that take into account the needs of individuals with pets and service animals prior to, during, and following a major disaster or emergency.”; and
(f) Training programs
(1) The Administrator may--
(A) conduct or arrange, by contract or otherwise, for training programs for the instruction of emergency preparedness officials and other persons in the organization, operation, and techniques of emergency preparedness;
(B) conduct or operate schools or including the payment of travel expenses, in accordance with subchapter I of chapter 57 of Title 5, and the Standardized Government Travel Regulations, and per diem allowances, in lieu of subsistence for trainees in attendance or the furnishing of subsistence and quarters for trainees and instructors on terms prescribed by the Administrator; and
(C) provide instructors and training aids as necessary.
(2) The terms prescribed by the Administrator for the payment of travel expenses and per diem allowances authorized by this subsection shall include a provision that such payment shall not exceed one-half of the total cost of such expenses.
(3) The Administrator may lease real property required for the purpose of carrying out this subsection, but may not acquire fee title to property unless specifically authorized by law.
(g) Public dissemination of emergency preparedness information
The Administrator may publicly disseminate appropriate emergency preparedness information by all appropriate means.
(h) Emergency preparedness compacts
(1) The Administrator shall establish a program supporting the development of emergency preparedness compacts for acts of terrorism, disasters, and emergencies throughout the Nation, by--
(A) identifying and cataloging existing emergency preparednesscompacts for acts of terrorism, disasters, and emergencies at the State and local levels of government;
(B) disseminating to State and local governments examples of best practices in the development of emergency preparedness compacts and models of existing emergency preparedness compacts, including agreements involving interstate jurisdictions; and
(C) completing an inventory of Federal response capabilities for acts of terrorism, disasters, and emergencies, making such inventory available to appropriate Federal, State, and local government officials, and ensuring that such inventory is as current and accurate as practicable.
(2) The Administrator may--
(A) assist and encourage the States to negotiate and enter into interstate emergency preparedness compacts;
(B) review the terms and conditions of such proposed compacts in order to assist, to the extent feasible, in obtaining uniformity between such compacts and consistency with Federal emergency response plans and programs;
(C) assist and coordinate the activities under such compacts; and
(D) aid and assist in encouraging reciprocal emergency preparedness legislation by the States which will permit the furnishing of mutual aid for emergency preparedness purposes in the event of a hazard which cannot be adequately met or controlled by a State or political subdivision thereof threatened with or experiencing a hazard.
(3) A copy of each interstate emergency preparedness compact shall be transmitted promptly to the Senate and the House of Representatives. The consent of Congress is deemed to be granted to each such compact upon the expiration of the 60-day period beginning on the date on which the compact is transmitted to Congress.
(4) Nothing in this subsection shall be construed as preventing Congress from disapproving, or withdrawing at any time its consent to, any interstate emergency preparedness compact.
(i) Materials and facilities
(1) The Administrator may procure by condemnation or otherwise, construct, lease, transport, store, maintain, renovate or distribute materials and facilities for emergency preparedness, with the right to take immediate possession thereof.
(2) Facilities acquired by purchase, donation, or other means of transfer may be occupied, used, and improved for the purposes of this subchapter before the approval of title by the Attorney General as required by sections 3111 and 3112 of Title 40.
(3) The Administrator may lease real property required for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this subsection, but shall not acquire fee title to property unless specifically authorized by law.
(4) The Administrator may procure and maintain under this subsection radiological, chemical, bacteriological, and biological agent monitoring and decontamination devices and distribute such devices by loan or grant to the States for emergency preparedness purposes, under such terms and conditions as the Administrator shall prescribe.
(j) Financial contributions
(1) The Administrator may make financial contributions, on the basis of programs or projects approved by the Administrator, to the States for emergency preparedness purposes, including the procurement, construction, leasing, or renovating of materials and facilities. Such contributions shall be made on such terms or conditions as the Administrator shall prescribe, including the method of purchase, the quantity, quality, or specifications of the materials or facilities, and such other factors or care or treatment to assure the uniformity, availability, and good condition of such materials or facilities.
(2) The Administrator may make financial contributions, on the basis of programs or projects approved by the Administrator, to the States and local authorities for animal emergency preparedness purposes, including the procurement, construction, leasing, or renovating of emergency shelter facilities and materials that will accommodate people with pets and service animals.
(3) No contribution may be made under this subsection for the procurement of land or for the purchase of personal equipment for State or local emergency preparedness workers.
(4) The amounts authorized to be contributed by the Administrator to each State for organizational equipment shall be equally matched by such State from any source it determines is consistent with its laws.
(5) Financial contributions to the States for shelters and other protective facilities shall be determined by taking the amount of funds appropriated or available to the Administrator for such facilities in each fiscal year and apportioning such funds among the States in the ratio which the urban population of the critical target areas (as determined by the Administrator) in each State, at the time of the determination, bears to the total urban population of the critical target areas of all of the States.
(6) The amounts authorized to be contributed by the Administrator to each State for such shelters and protective facilities shall be equally matched by such State from any source it determines is consistent with its laws and, if not matched within a reasonable time, the Administrator may reallocate such amounts to other States under the formula described in paragraph (4). The value of any land contributed by any State or political subdivision thereof shall be excluded from the computation of the State share under this subsection.
(7) The amounts paid to any State under this subsection shall be expended solely in carrying out the purposes set forth herein and in accordance with State emergency preparedness programs or projects approved by the Administrator. The Administrator shall make no contribution toward the cost of any program or project for the procurement, construction, or leasing of any facility which (A) is intended for use, in whole or in part, for any purpose other than emergency preparedness, and (B) is of such kind that upon completion it will, in the judgment of the Administrator, be capable of producing sufficient revenue to provide reasonable assurance of the retirement or repayment of such cost; except that (subject to the preceding provisions of this subsection) the Administrator may make a contribution to any State toward that portion of the cost of the construction, reconstruction, or enlargement of any facility which the Administrator determines to be directly attributable to the incorporation in such facility of any feature of construction or design not necessary for the principal intended purpose thereof but which is, in the judgment of the Administrator necessary for the use of such facility for emergency preparedness purposes.
(8) The Administrator shall submit to Congress a report, at least annually, regarding all contributions made pursuant to this subsection.
(9) All laborers and mechanics employed by contractors or subcontractors in the performance of construction work financed with the assistance of any contribution of Federal funds made by the Administrator under this subsection shall be paid wages at rates not less than those prevailing on similar construction in the locality as determined by the Secretary of Labor in accordance with sections 3141-3144, 3146, and 3147 of Title 40, and every such employee shall receive compensation at a rate not less than one and ½ times the basic rate of pay of the employee for all hours worked in any workweek in excess of eight hours in any workday or 40 hours in the workweek, as the case may be. The Administrator shall make no contribution of Federal funds without first obtaining adequate assurance that these labor standards will be maintained upon the construction work. The Secretary of Labor shall have, with respect to the labor standards specified in this subsection, the authority and functions set forth in Reorganization Plan Numbered 14 of 1950 (5 U.S.C.App.) and section 3145 of Title 40.
(k) Sale or disposal of certain materials and facilities
The Administrator may arrange for the sale or disposal of materials and facilities found by the Administrator to be unnecessary or unsuitable for emergency preparedness purposes in the same manner as provided for excess property under the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949. Any funds received as proceeds from the sale or other disposition of such materials and facilities shall be deposited into the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts.
Credits
(Pub.L. 93-288, Title VI, § 611, as added Pub.L. 103-337, Div. C, Title XXXIV, § 3411(a)(3), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 3102, and amended Pub.L. 104-66, Title II, § 2071, Dec. 21, 1995, 109 Stat. 729; Pub.L. 108-458, Title VII, § 7406, Dec. 17, 2004, 118 Stat. 3851; Pub.L. 109-308, § 3, Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1725; Pub.L. 111-351, § 3(c)(2), Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3864.)
§ 5196a. Mutual aid pacts between States and neighboring countries
The Administrator shall give all practicable assistance to States in arranging, through the Department of State, mutual emergency preparedness aid between the States and neighboring countries.
Credits
(Pub.L. 93-288, Title VI, § 612, as added Pub.L. 103-337, Div. C, Title XXXIV, § 3411(a)(3), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 3105; Pub.L. 111-351, § 3(c)(2), Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3864.)
§ 5196b. Contributions for personnel and administrative expenses
(a) General authority
To further assist in carrying out the purposes of this subchapter, the Administrator may make financial contributions to the States (including interstate emergency preparedness authorities established pursuant to section 5196(h) of this title) for necessary and essential State and local emergency preparedness personnel and administrative expenses, on the basis of approved plans (which shall be consistent with the Federal emergency response plans for emergency preparedness) for the emergency preparedness of the States. The financial contributions to the States under this section may not exceed one-half of the total cost of such necessary and essential State and local emergency preparedness personnel and administrative expenses.
(b) Plan requirements
A plan submitted under this section shall--
(1) provide, pursuant to State law, that the plan shall be in effect in all political subdivisions of the State and be mandatory on them and be administered or supervised by a single State agency;
(2) provide that the State shall share the financial assistance with that provided by the Federal Government under this section from any source determined by it to be consistent with State law;
(3) provide for the development of State and local emergency preparedness operational plans, including a catastrophic incident annex, pursuant to standards approved by the Administrator;
(4) provide for the employment of a full-time emergency preparedness Director, or deputy director, by the State;
(5) provide that the State shall make such reports in such form and content as the Administrator may require;
(6) make available to duly authorized representatives of the Administrator and the Comptroller General, books, records, and papers necessary to conduct audits for the purposes of this section; and
(7) include a plan for providing information to the public in a coordinated manner.
(c) Catastrophic incident annex
(1) Consistency
A catastrophic incident annex submitted under subsection (b)(3) of this section shall be--
(A) modeled after the catastrophic incident annex of the National Response Plan; and
(B) consistent with the national preparedness goal established under section 743 of Title 6, the National Incident Management System, the National Response Plan, and other related plans and strategies.
(2) Consultation
In developing a catastrophic incident annex submitted under subsection(b)(3) of this section, a State shall consult with and seek appropriate comments from local governments, emergency response providers, locally governed multijurisdictional councils of government, and regional planning commissions.
(d) Terms and conditions
The Administrator shall establish such other terms and conditions as the Administrator considers necessary and proper to carry out this section.
(e) Application of other provisions
In carrying out this section, the provisions of section1 5196(h) and 5197(h) of this title shall apply.
(f) Allocation of funds
For each fiscal year concerned, the Administrator shall allocate to each State, in accordance with regulations and the total sum appropriated under this subchapter, amounts to be made available to the States for the purposes of this section. Regulations governing allocations to the States under this subsection shall give due regard to (1) the criticality of the areas which may be affected by hazards with respect to the development of the total emergency preparedness readiness of the United States, (2) the relative state of development of emergency preparedness readiness of the State, (3) population, and (4) such other factors as the Administrator shall prescribe. The Administrator may reallocate the excess of any allocation not used by a State in a plan submitted under this section. Amounts paid to any State or political subdivision under this section shall be expended solely for the purposes set forth in this section.
(g) Standards for State and local emergency preparedness operational plans
In approving standards for State and local emergency preparedness operational plans pursuant to subsection (b)(3) of this section, the Administrator shall ensure that such plans take into account the needs of individuals with household pets and service animals prior to, during, and following a major disaster or emergency.
(h) Submission of plan2
If a State fails to submit a plan for approval as required by this section within 60 days after the Administrator notifies the States of the allocations under this section, the Administrator may reallocate such funds, or portions thereof, among the other States in such amounts as, in the judgment of the Administrator, will best assure the adequate development of the emergency preparedness capability of the United States.
(h) Annual reports2
The Administrator shall report annually to the Congress all contributions made pursuant to this section.
Credits
(Pub.L. 93-288, Title VI, § 613, as added Pub.L. 103-337, Div. C, Title XXXIV, § 3411(a)(3), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 3106, and amended Pub.L. 107-188, Title I, § 151, June 12, 2002, 116 Stat. 630; Pub.L. 109-295, Title VI, § 631, Oct. 4, 2006, 120 Stat. 1420; Pub.L. 109-308, § 2, Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1725; Pub.L. 111-351, § 3(c)(2), Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3864.)
Footnotes
1 So in original. Probably should be “sections”.
2 So in original. Two subsections (h) have been enacted.
§ 5196c. Grants for construction of emergency operations centers
(a) Grants
The Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency may make grants to States and Indian tribal governments under this subchapter for equipping, upgrading, and constructing State, local, and Tribal emergency operations centers.
(b) Federal share
Notwithstanding any other provision of this subchapter, the Federal share of the cost of an activity carried out using amounts from grants made under this section shall not exceed 75 percent.
CREDIT(S)
(Pub.L. 93-288, Title VI, § 614, as added Pub.L. 103-337, Div. C, Title XXXIV, § 3411(a)(3), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 3107; amended Pub.L. 110-53, Title II, § 202, Aug. 3, 2007, 121 Stat. 295; Pub.L. 117-251, § 11(a), Dec. 20, 2022, 136 Stat. 2358.)
§ 5196d. Use of funds to prepare for and respond to hazards
Funds made available to the States under this subchapter may be used by the States for the purposes of preparing for hazards and providing emergency assistance in response to hazards. Regulations prescribed to carry out this section shall authorize the use of emergency preparedness personnel, materials, and facilities supported in whole or in part through contributions under this subchapter for emergency preparedness activities and measures related to hazards.
Credits
(Pub.L. 93-288, Title VI, § 615, as added Pub.L. 103-337, Div. C, Title XXXIV, § 3411(a)(3), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 3107.)